大鼠非致瘤四倍体细胞系的建立及细胞遗传学和酶学特征

从大鼠自然诱发的肉瘤细胞中,我们建立了一个四倍体细胞系(4n=84),命名为RC(ratcell)。它具有典型的成纤维细胞外形,能在玻璃表面贴壁生长,但不能生长在琼脂半固体培养基中。该细胞在含15％小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养基中生长良好,至今已连续繁殖112世代,细胞群体倍增时间约为15小时。染色体G-带分析表明,RC为整四倍体细胞,它的1条X染色体在第32至34区为均染区。RC细胞核仁组织者(NORs)活性显然比大鼠二倍体细胞NORs活性的加倍还高(P<0.001)。这个具有非常高NORs活性的RC细胞系对于研究细胞18S+28S rRNA基因转录活性的调控、基因表达与基因剂量关系有一定的意义。RC细胞还有异常高的磷酸酯酶活性,而且它的同工酶谱也与大鼠肌肉细胞明显不同。体内接种实验和扫描电镜的观察表明,RC是非致瘤细胞。RC细胞各号染色体的C-带图样与大鼠二倍体细胞无明显的差异。     

Influence of both coculture and BrdU on NOR activity of mouse,rat and human cells

Summary The coculture of mouse PG19 cells with human MGC cells can significantly suppress nucleolar organizer region (NORs) activity of both PG19 and MGC cells. 5-bormodeoxyuridine (BrdU) can also significantly suppress the NOR activity of rat RC cells, human MGC and Hela cells, and mouse PG19 cells: i.e. the average number of Ag-NORs and the number of chromosomes bearing Ag-NORs per cell decrease significantly. The degree of the suppression increases with increase in both BrdU concentration in the culture medium and BrdU treatment time. The suppressed NOR activity of the PG19 cells can gradually be restored when the BrdU-treated cells are transferred into BrdU-free medium for 50 h. In PG19 cells deoxycytidine (dC) can reverse the suppression of NOR activity caused by BrdU. Coculture plus BrdU treatment suppress the NOR activity of PG19 cells more severely than BrdU treatment alone. In coculture medium containing 30 g BrdU/ml, dC can also reverse the suppression of the NOR activity of PG19 cells but not that of the MGC cells. The degree of the reversion in the coculture plus BrdU treatment is significantly lower than that found with BrdU-treatment alone.     

The effect of 1-β-d-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine on the expression of the common fragile site at 3p14

Summary The effect of the G₂-treatment of 1--d-arabino-furanosyl-cytosine (araC) on the expression of the common fragile site at 3p14 (FRA3B) was studied. A significantly increased frequency of FRA3B induced by G₂ treatment of araC was found in the lymphocytes grown in folate-deficient medium (positive rate 100%). A relatively low frequency of FRA3B was also induced in the cultures with folate in four of the seven subjects. These is a synergistic effect between araC and growth in folate-deficient medium on the induction of FRA3B. The results suggest that the DNA lesions related to the expression of FRA3B induce the long-patch repair and that the low DNA polymerase activity and inefficient repair process during G₂ phase is involved in the expression of FRA3B.     

粉剂防治粘虫Pseudaletia separata (Walker)研究

粘虫Pseudaletia separata(Walker)是粮食作物的毁灭性害虫,也是全国农业发展纲要(修正草案)所规定要消灭的八大害虫之一。粘虫在大发生时为害面积很广,虫体发育迅速,食量很大,过去多采用人工器械捕打办法,但不能澈底解决问题,尤其在作物密植的情况下,捕打也发生了困难,常因捕打时将作物践踏而引起损失,因此要求在发生时应用化学防治方法,以达到迅速消灭为害之目的。     

抗菌免疫核糖核酸组份的分离及其活性测定

<正> 抗菌免疫核糖核酸(iRNA)已用于条件致病菌感染的临床治疗,并对其免疫活性做了全面的研究。现已证实iRNA能够诱导特异性抗体的产生和传递特异性的细胞免疫,并能诱生干扰素和白细胞间素Ⅰ、Ⅱ等淋巴因子和单核因子。但制备的iRNA是含有多种RNA种类的混合物,为明确各组份的免疫学功能,我们对iRNA进行了分离,并测定不同组份的免疫活性。     

生物素标记寡核苷酸探针探测扩增的病理性突变珠蛋白基因

用末端转移酶催化生物素核苷酸底物(Biotin-ll-dUTP)共价连接在合成的寡核苷酸3’羟基末端,从而合成了两种寡核苷酸探针(β~T_(41-42)及β~A_(41-42))。用它们分别与克隆化扩增的正常和突变的β—珠蛋白基因片段杂变。结果表明该探针都具有与~(32)P探针相似的特异性,其杂交的灵敏度为2—3pg(特异序列)。进而将探测HbS基因的正常和异常两种寡核苷酸19聚体(β~A_6和β~S_6)用~(32)P和生物素分别标记;将HbS杂合子病人的白细胞DNA经聚合酶链反应(PCR)法扩增,并以含正常β—珠蛋白基因的DNA片段作对照,与两种探针分别进行斑点杂交。所得结果完全一致;Hbs杂合子DNA对正常和异常探针都显出杂交信号,而正常DNA只与β~A探针显杂交信号。     

准噶尔柄锈菌:新疆荒漠的雀麦锈菌——新种

本文描述了南疆雀麦Bromus gedrosianus Penz.上的锈菌一新种:准噶尔柄锈菌Puccinia junggarensis S.-X. Wei & J.-Y. Zhuang sp. nov.。模式标本采自新疆古尔班通古特沙漠克拉玛依附近,保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。此菌曾被本文第二作者暂定为Puccinia burnettii Griff.。原标本经第一作者复查发现夏孢子表面纹饰为细庆而非细刺,夏孢子和冬孢子的综合特征不同于禾本科植物上迄今已知的所有柄锈菌属的种,故鉴定为新种。     

几种抗菌药物对腹泻羔羊肠道细菌的影响及临床观察

通过对治疗前后腹泻羔羊粪便细菌检查及临床观察,以查明两种抗菌药物对腹泻羔羊肠道细菌的影响。结果表明,腹泻羔羊治疗前粪便中的革兰氏阳性杆菌,革兰氏阳性球菌及革兰氏阴性杆菌的比例分别为20％、10％和70％。用敌菌净治疗的效果显著,其羔羊肠道细菌的比例接近健康羔羊。用庆大霉素治疗的羔羊,部分出现不良反应,其肠道细菌出现失调状态。